Mud dynamics in the Ems-Dollard, phase 3 : scenarios for improvement

Rijkswaterstaat has initiated the project "Onderzoek slibhuishouding Eems-Dollard" (Research on mud dynamics in the Ems-Dollard). This project explores the reasons for the historic increase in turbidity in the Ems Estuary, as well as possible measures to improve the water quality in the area. This report presents results of model scenario studies conducted to explore the effect of different measures to improve the conditions in the Ems Estuary. The objective of these measures is to decrease the turbidity and increase primary production. Four different measures were chosen to be analysed in model scenario studies: 1. Disposal of dredged sediment in the North Sea ; 2. Sediment extraction from ports (and disposal on land) ; 3. Creation of intertidal area to increase sedimentation (also called 'adaptive poldering') ; 4. Restoration of channel depth in the Oost Friesche Gaatje and Emden Fairway.